The Amp Hour Electronics Podcast

Chris just got back from a work trip to Madrid He also got to hang out with Matt Venn (and coworker Mike Szczys) in Valencia Dave has a new data center going in across the street Chris enjoyed this episode of Prof G Markets where they talked about the impact of data centers on power and the rise of “behind the meter” generation Dave without internet for a week. Chris has had multiday losses after fiber has been cut in his neighborhood. Humanoid robots…on a plane! Chris has been working on 0201 components on a tiny Bluetooth board The Iran War and subsequent rise in petroleum product sourcing issues is starting to impact the PCB industry PCBs we are used to ordering at low cost (JLC, PCBway, etc) are normally loss leaders to get larger business later Chris found his low cost microscope from <a href="https://www.youtube.com

Welcome back, Jason Kridner! Jason has previously been on the show Episode 59 (!) Episode 378 alongside Robert Nelson The BeagleY AI was the first board that mimic’ed the RPi form factor PocketBeagle 2 is still a small altoid tin form factor with a new processor The Zepto is a new product targeting a $1 price point for microcontrollers Many boards in the Beagle catalog now run Zephyr, and BeagleBoard.org recently joined The Zephyr Project as members and contributors Click Brand is the official bards from MikroElectronika that implement the open source Mikrobus Chris started using Mikrobus while designing early prototypes of the BeagleConnect Freedom The Freedom board talks over wireless to boards like the BeaglePlay Application spaces for different boards FPGA based board Cheeseburger robot? Well yes, but also Cheeseburger robot Mitchells vs the machine Krazam Click boarfds now have eeprom / ClickID as a 1-wire identifier with a uuid Beagleplay has 802.15.4 Project ARA popularized the idea of Greybus M

Welcome back Matt Liberty (Joulescope) and Luke Beno (Werewolf.us) Matt has been a guest on episodes 527 and 607 Luke was a guest on episode 272 Luke launched a new cable manufacturing and power supply company in the US called Werewolf.us Matt is working on the JS320 We discussed how PartsBox is a great ERP solution but Matt and Luke decided to go fully custom with Claude Code. Jan Rychter was a guest on episode 542 We discussed the differences with Product Lifecycle Maintenance. Michael Corr of the recently acquired Duro Labs was on episode 577 CAM workflow A fully verticalized PCB factory is something Jonathan Hirschmann talked about on episode 299 Jeff Bezos is investing 100B in a fund that is looking at automation in the factory using AI Matt recently had success with Claude Code and verilog programming Saleae for hardware in the loop using their APIs Other tools to check out pyelf pdfdk blast superpowers skill (by past guest at Teardown Jesse Vincent) Luke used OpenClaw to power a chat agent in his ERP system Working with distributors TI backlog Chris recently learned that Digikey has a developer API Cocotb verification framework (in Python) Luke is working on vision experiments for inhouse developed AOI solutions

Welcome Julia Desmazes of Tales on The Wire Follow along with the blog post we discuss Two Weeks Until Tapeout Matt Venn – TinyTapeout – Episode 616 and 672 Andreas Olofsson – openroad/openlane – Episode 254 and 650 Tim Ansell – Wafer.space – Episode 375, 501, and 703 JTAG How do you know that tooling is or isn’t working? Accelerator Rabbithole with floating point (post updated after recording) BFloat16 Follow Julia on GitHubhttps://github.com/Essenceia Kapla (official website, not the much cheaper alibaba version): Dimity Grinberg personal blog

Canonical (the makers of Ubuntu) acquired Golioth, meaning Chris is moving from a 12-person startup to an organization of over 1,200 people Dave found this chart of Canonical products on wikipedia to be useful An increase in professional travel from zero weeks to six weeks per year following the acquisition, including “sprints” in cities like London The naming convention for Ubuntu releases (Year.Month) and the importance of Long Term Support (LTS) versions for backporting security vulnerabilities Ubuntu Core’s role in embedded Linux devices, utilizing an immutable kernel and “snaps” for field update Dave believes he influenced the Emergency Situation Surcharge at DHL after asking why it is still happening Dave’s transition to a “Hipster Dave” persona, complete with a secondhand Mac and a goatee The implementation of OpenClaw, a scripting service that interfaces with LLMs to act as an “automated intern” for repetitive administrative tasks Chris really likes this video showing how to use OpenClaw Using OpenClaw to automate forum registration approvals to combat high volumes of bot activity The security implications of AI agents, emphasizing that they should be treated like interns with limited access to sensitive data and separate accounts ARM released its first physical server chip, measuring approximately 70mm, marking a shift from a pure IP company to a hardware competitor. The Super Micro CEO smuggling scandal, where the founder was accused of smuggling $2.5 billion worth of Nvidia chips. The Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) and its requirement for nearly all CE-marked electronic products to be updatable by December 2027. Potential impacts of the CRA on one-time programmable (OTP) devices and the necessity of maintaining firmware support for five years post

Alex is founder and CEO of Efficient Power Conversion, a leading manufacturer of GaN MOSFET’s. Alex is also the inventor of the original Power MOSFET and HEXFET at International Rectifier. Also, former CEO of International Rectifier (founded by his father!), https://epc-co.com We cover everything from inventing the power MOSFET on his first day on the job to silicon physics, AI data centres and humanoid robots. Enjoy.

Welcome Zachariah Peterson of Northwest Engineering Solutions! Zach listed the various places people can find his work, including The Altium YouTube channel Zach’s YouTube channel His personal technical blog The Altium Blog various industry conferences like PCB West 01:10 Zach mentions that he has been creating video content and seminars for several years, traveling to places like Denmark to teach high-speed design. 01:10 They discuss the recent acquisition of Altium by Renesas and how the company is trying to balance enterprise features with the needs of individual users. 03:15 He notes that the pricing for professional design software has recently become more accessible for freelancers and consultants. 11:15 He suggests that learning the fundamentals of EMC is one of the best ways for an engineer to become more valuable in the industry. 14:00 He warns against relying solely on semiconductor data sheets for EMC guidance because they often contain outdated or incorrect information. 18:45 They talk about the massive costs and delays that happen when a product fails its initial testing runs in a lab. 21:00 Zach shares how his background in applied physics and lasers made it easier for him to transition into high-speed RF and digital design. 25:15 He explains that he relies on mental models and specialized software tools more than solving complex equations by hand on a daily basis. 27:00 He stresses the importance of understanding the physical manufacturing process, such as how circuit boards are pressed and laminated. 30:00 They discuss the common problem of engineers over-specifying expensive materials when a cheaper option would work perfectly fine. 32:45 Zach predicts that the most useful AI tools will eventually be built directly into existing PCB design software rather than living in separate browser tabs. 35:30 He shares how he uses AI to quickly fi

Chris will be having a meetup in London March 8th, 2026 click here for more info. He will also be at Embedded World the following week at various events. Dave is also headed to a meetup in Sydney that he has presented at in the past. The “lazy man move” for meetup organizers: scheduling events within walking distance of home to simplify travel logistics. Chris provides details on his latest high-density hardware project, a 22mm circular board packed with 0201 components, Bluetooth, and a suite of sensors, noting a move from BGA to QFN for better assembly reliability. There is significant skepticism regarding “solid-state transformers” and tech articles claiming they will replace the traditional power grid, with the hosts citing efficiency losses that become massive at megawatt scales. A fascinating look into global supply chains reveals how a single AI prompt can be traced back through layers of manufacturing to sugarcane fermentation and high-purity quartz mines in Spruce Pine, North Carolina. The creeping normalization of biometric face scanning in public spaces, from water park lockers to international airport terminals. The marketing tactics behind Donut Lab’s solid-state battery claims, explaining how “independent third-party testing” can be carefully hand-picked to avoid industry standards. They want us  to talk about it like this The nuances of UL certification explains how companies sometimes use specific lab reports to imply broader official endorsements that do not actually exist. Dave shares his experience watching the show Silicon Valley with his son and discusses the “hideous accuracy” of the Australian public service comedy Utopia. The pros and cons of modular hardware are debated, covering the Framework laptop’s “Ship of Theseus” repairability model versus high-end gaming tablets like the Asus ROG Flow Z13. Dave’s viral social media quest for the best Linux distribution leads to a consensus on Linux Mint as the top choice for beginners, fueling the ongoing joke about the “Year of the Linux Desktop”. Recent industry news highlights the release candidate for KiCad 10 and the discovery of a three-cent Paduk microcontroller performing auxiliary functions inside Rode wireless microphones. Pimoroni did extreme an cooling project back in 2024 that successfully overclo

Thanks to our sponsor for this episode, SeaSats! Check out their open positions making autonomous ocean vehicles. Welcome David Ray of Cyber City Circuits • The “Retro Electro” Series: David explains his passion for writing historical articles for Digi Key, focusing on “giants” like Orstead whose contributions to electricity are often overlooked. • Career Background: David details his path from Marine Corps radio repair to cash register and Motorola radio repair. • Starting the Business: In late 2019, David cashed in his retirement to buy pick-and-place machines and start his own factory. • Teaching the First Lady: David recounts the story of teaching First Lady Jill Biden how to solder during a summer camp. • Growth via Twitter: For the first few years, 95% of his revenue came from relationships built on Twitter (X). • The Kit Business: David discusses his “Soldering Kit of the Month” program, noting that while fun, the kit business is exhausting and low-margin. • Equipment & Machines: A discussion on why he uses Charm High machines and his strong advice to buy new equipment rather than used industrial machines, which are often sold because they are “used up”. • Stencils & Paste: David advocates for framed stencils and GC10 solder paste, which is shelf-stable and prevents cold solder joints. • Soldering Physics: Insights into the thermodynamics of soldering, especially the difficulty of working with 2 oz copper boards. • John Fluke History: David previews his research on John Fluke, explaining that Fluke meters became yellow because the Navy had trouble finding gray ones on the ground. • Upcoming Articles: David mentions future work on the history of Op-amps and strain gauges. • Business Services: Overview of Cyber City Circuits’ services, including reverse engineering, obsolescence engineering, and free DFM (Design for Manufacturing) consulting. • Success Philosophy: David shares his “Monopoly mindset,” viewing business setbacks as “chance cards,” and stresses that persistence is the only way to avoid failure. Links from David Website List: Cyber City Circuits Website: <a href="http://www.cybercitycircuits.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-sa

Welcome Eric Migicovsky of Pebble! Pebble is back after Eric worked with Google to open source PebbleOS and he reaquired the naming rights Eric returns to the hardware space after 7 years, including working at yCombinator, a famous accelerator for early stage startups, and on Beeper, a cross platform app for messaging. While discussing the difficulties of hardware project, Chris brought up a recent post about a high wattage lamp project HN One thing Eric likes about hardware projects vs software is that “hardware projects can be done” as in they have a defined end state A more recent project is a smart ring – The Index 01. The non-replaceable battery is driven by the product specs, also the need for reliability The ring doesn’t immediately need to be in range of a phone, it syncs the memory after the fact Pebble is no longer a VC backed startup with a subscription model, so that changes a lot of constraints Initially they sold 2 million watches, and 250 million in sales Eric is driven by “gadgets”. He read “pen computing” and “popular mechanics” as a kid Consumer companies vs other types (and why Eric likes the former) Pebble went through different phases The team spent 6 months in China, designing the first consumer version and working directly with factories CTO of (original) Pebble, Andrew Witte, was a somewhat early guest of The Amp Hour How much did the China ecosystem drive design decisions? There was no such thing as a smartwatch factory (but are there ever now!) The book Apple in China is supposed to be a great read and mirrors the Pebble Experience We heard from Chrissy Meyer when she was on the show about working with the Apple Watch manufacturing proces Water proof me

Welcome Martin Rowe of EE World! Martin is a long time journalist in the electronics space, having worked at magazines like EDN, Test and Measurement World, EE World, and more! Kenneth Wyatt Concentrated vs diffuse information Product reviews Unitrend scope video Tek 5 series B Wirecutter for test equipment / parts Skepticism Webinars – 3 levels Martin has an HP34401A early model Touring T&M companies Littelfuse Martin is in the Boston area Boxborough has multiple EMI labs Article on building an anechoic chamber PCB East was in Boxborough now in Worcester (“Wuh – Stah” 😀 ) International Microwave Symposium (IMS) inBoston this year What is driving the Boston ecosystem? NYU wireless 6G summit Components trickling down into the other parts of the industry Ted Rappaport from NYU writing a paper Open RAN 5G standalone vs nonstandalone Poster session ISAC Test equipment has to test everything leading edge 3GPP The impacts of satellite connectivity IoT still talking about LTE 5G modems and battery life Private networks Automation software The Measurement Blues song, among others Find him online Martin Rowe on LinkedIn EEworldonline Martin sent over some links related the things we discussed during the episode 6G discussions: How things have changed. We assembled a timeline of the topics so you

Dave is back from vacation. He should have bought a Starlink mini (not as cheap as we thought) because his coverage was very poor throughout the trip. Space twitter Artemis II is going up soon (early Feb 2026) Billy makes artemis go up  Sparkfun and Adafruit are on the outs PJRC (and Paul Stoffregen) makes the Teensy and it is now produced exclusively by Sparfkun The pinout is open but the bootloader is proprietary and sold as the magic black box. Paul’s wrote about what was happening on the EEVblog forum Tim Lamb (Trash80) talked about teensy in his devices on episode 292  Chris modified a Tag Connect 10 pin footprint for an upcoming design RAM prices are wild right now! After following a tutorial on “Doom Coding”, Chris picked up using Claude Code A friend pointed out that more horizontal, open source programs like KiCad (version 10 coming soon) will have an advantage with LLMs/coding assistants over more vertically integrated tools. The vertical tools won’t be able to move as fast. Also in the Doom Coding exercise, Chris found an app called Terminus that allows connecting an Android device (and maybe iOS?) and getting a terminal interface from the phone using a USB-C cable in OTG mode. Zephyr builds in lots of capabilities Chris loves using Zephyr shells to build interfaces (even custom ones) to standard functions in Zephyr CES wrapped a week or two before this recording. The Donut lab

Welcome Aaed Musa! Aaed is a YouTuber who builds a variety of robots and a mechanical engineering student at Purdue. He just completed his undergrad degree and is now working on his Master’s degree. I believe he is the first Amp Hour guest who is still a full time student. His channel has a great variety of builds including designing all the way down to gearboxes. Aaed says the MIT “mini cheetah” launched many low(er) costs builds of robots, including his own. Boston Dynamics (and many others) announced their new ATLAS robotics platform at CES this year. FOC motor controller Backlash is a measure of how much movement you have between the teeth of gears (and thus how accurate you can be with open loop control) Ball bearing balancing robot Inverse kinematics Past guest of the show James Bruton was a model for the builds that Aaed does what does the glue look like His recent build uses…rope…to build a robot dog? A Capstan drive has virtually zero backlash “relatively new rope” DM20 High precision speed reducer using rope the impacts of materials on design processes Juicero Relationship with classmates and professors as a YouTuber Purdue Engineering Aaed picked up electronics from youtube What’s his take on LLMs? Making next CARA open source New video recently came out about a spinning top bulk of the cost is in the motors and motor controllers gr

Welcome Dr Mark Palmeri, professor at Duke University! Mark has been at Duke since 1996, and has completed undergraduate, graduate, medical, and PhD degrees here (!) He has focused on making medical devices and now teaches others to do the same in his Biomedical Engineering (BME) courses Verification and Validation (v&v) is a large constraint in getting a regulated medical device to market BME design fellows is a program that guides students towards real world use cases and design projects The courses that Mark runs reminds Chris of “automatic job offers” that Chris has heard about for classes like those taught by former guest Larry Sears (at CWRU). Also SMPS design courses at UT Dallas and microarchitecture courses like those taught at University of Michigan. Teaching the skills of troubleshooting / debug Putting together circuits like Legos There are difficulties when teaching students with various levels of experience, namely how deep to go on any particular subject and how much background to provide. Mark has been flipping a circuit course on its head, instead prompting students with ideas like “how do you capture bio signals electronically and pull them into a microcontroller” Tools of the trade for Mark’s courses include KiCad ngspice (built in to KiCad) Jupyter notebooks VS code Git Zephyr Talking about power as an intuition builder, as opposed to currents or voltages V&V requires that you have a quality management system (QMS) IEC60601 Going through companies that have  QMS can be a shorter path for bringing a device to market Even face shields needed to go through that process when COVID hit</

Chris got back from his honeymoon to the Galapagos, see photos on the updated version of his blog. Dave encountered a super secret podcast location Before leaving on vacation, Chris went to an event mentioned in episode 708 launching a new Tektronix scope. The parent company has been Danaher -> Fortive -> Ralliant (now based out of Raleigh) Large budget events Don Mcmillan is technically funny Open Circuit The Way Things Work Discman teardown Neo the home robot Humane AI pin ‘tugging on the nerd heartstring’ Nikola / Trevor Norton Auto concept cars Rigol MHO 900 videos, already hacked, paid hack EEVblog forum Unknown chinese fpga Stephen Hawes working on a PCB that can be laser cut for super quick turn boards Oxide and Friends podcast KiCon (US) 2025 Talks

Dr Barry Marshall won the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. But Barry is also an electronics hobbyist and vintage HP and Tek oscilloscope and vintage computer enthusiast. He visited the EEVBlog lab and sat down with Dave for an impromptu discussion about all sorts of things. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2005/marshall/facts/

Welcome Davide Andrea, author or The Electronic Connector Book! And many thanks to Blues for sponsoring this episode of The Amp Hour! Get 10% off your next order in their online store for a development kit by using the code AMPHOUR. Davide is an engineer working on Battery Management Systems at Elithion He got into writing and editing books via a postcard sent to him after he gave a talk For many years he was an editor at Artech house He works on Lithium BMS systems for large setups How do young engineers learn about connectors, but for tribal knowledge within larger companies? Digikey catalog is a good search for connectors overall Industrial cinch by Harting Should you design a custom connector (“no”) Davide also built and maintains an online tool for finding connectors called Identiconn Fretting is when vibration causes a connector to fail Davide had to go to Bell Labs docs to look up some specs Chris remarked that Identiconn is a McMaster (Carr) style browsing experience Vendors divide based on how the fields are set up, because that is actually logical for them selling parts. It’s harder for finding/discovering components though. On distributor sites, the connectors are grouped by how they were bought Chris asked Davide about things that have gone wrong in his career with connectors FFC doesn’t connect back into the socket after the tab is ripped away ribbon cable vs ffc, CIC vs FPC IDC – insulation displacement connector Davide has filled in with generated terms where there are no defined language for a family/type of connector, such as with “bump idc” connectors “dual beam? Chris and Davide did a joint search for the high density CM4 connector that

Thanks to our sponsor Blues this week! Visit the Blues store and use the code AMPHOUR to get 10% off your first order of a kit. Capacitors go pop on Dave’s audio setup, the Presonus monitors Ground loops causing HDMI cable sparking Chris was watching Jetman videos and got an ‘Is that real?’ from the kid. We find ourselves asking the same with all the AI generated video these days. Fight between mehdi/electroboom and walter lewin about KVL Arduino bought by Qualcomm! They also released the Arduino Uno Q, a single board computer running Debian that also has a beefy microcontroller running Zephyr Daves post on X about the purchase Arduino switched to Zephyr A new enabler of this complex mix of embedded, linux, AI, and ML is a software offering from Arduino called App lab Spacey Hardware meetup – ACES  Veritasium is PE owned now Chris will be going to a Tektronix event for new gear and past guest Alan Wolke (W2AEW) is giving a class Chris has been rebooting his website to follow the ideas of the Small Web</a

Welcome Joren Vaes, design engineer at SOFICS Simulation is critical when designing analog devices based on a PDK from the fab Parasitics are significant, especially with new nodes having upwards of 16 metal layers Chris complained about a class where the professor made them draw planar structures with graph paper with colored pencils Large fabs on leading edge nodes have 1800 page textbook of rules Because the constraints get tighter, that book gets longer for each node 2 nm mass production on finfet currently with TSMC 22 was the last classic cmos Finfet, looks like a devil ‘gate all around’ / nanosheet CFET (complementary field effect transistor) is next Joren really gets Maxwells Equations…as you have to at super high speeds SOFICS are making phy’s / IP blocks Amplifiers that are DC to 50 GHz Making a datasheet for the resulting IP block Joren got his PhD working on millimeter wave applications It’s all just physics Using coils to impedance match between layers Reflecting off of different materials at angles is Snells law (not lorentz equation) and that extends to different materials at different wavelengths Cables are very lossy at 100 GHz…dBs per cm Parasitics impact every part of the design process Wireline community – name for the high speed interfaces, including research in the space Most transistor threshhold voltages that Joren works with are … 750 mV! Voltage dependent drc rules Electromigration – holes in wires from electrons ESD is a big part of the business, and a large source of parasitics New product development for IP blocks Working with customers and Foundry at the 2 nm node Design companies need to be paying 100s of thousands to software providers After, it goe

Contextual Electronics is “still a thing”. Sydney hosted the International Astronautical Congress (IAC). The IAC is the “big space event of the year,” held annually in a different city. Chris noted that US space funding seems low, leading some friends to move from NASA to private industry. Dave recorded two walkaround videos: a 30-minute bird’s eye view using a GoPro on a pole and a physical hour-long walkaround. Large companies had private stands, while smaller, two-man companies had sub-booths within their country’s larger rented stand (e.g., South Africa, Germany, Poland). Niche companies included those selling “space connectors,” described as regular connectors sold at potentially 10 times the price to space customers. Australia had a large presence, with stands for the country and individual states (Victoria, New South Wales, Tasmania) hosting local niche space gear firms. Dave toured a new, completely mobile Mission Control facility built into a semi-trailer van. This unit is designed as a generic platform with screens, server racks, and redundant power, allowing any space company to install their own servers and operate anywhere in Australia. An Australian company specialized in “Space lube” (lubricants for satellites and actuators), necessary because water-based lubricants would boil off or freeze up and cause gear to seize. Chris has a new “quasi obsession” with the old technology of DIN rail. He is using 3D printers to mount development boards onto DIN rail to organize his desk. DIN rail is common in Australia and Europe for electrical switchboards and automation equipment (PLCs, power supplies). Dave sent a photo of “Fish Pointer’s” organized desk, which Chris identified as using “Gridfinity,” an ad hoc, modular standard popular in the 3D printing community, often associated with Zack Friedman of Voidstar Labs.</l

Welcome Jerry Twomey (Effective Electrons) author of the book, Applied Embedded Electronics: Design Essentials for Robust Systems. Chris first heard Jerry on Embedded.fm last year. Jerry’s Background and Book Motivation: Jerry shares his quick history, moving from the Boston area to San Jose (Silicon Valley) and eventually to San Diego, where he has worked across diverse sectors including consumer electronics, aerospace, defense projects, DARPA research, and medical electronics. His book focuses on how to develop robust systems, providing guidance that is timeless rather than applications manuals that quickly become outdated. The Analog Problem: Although modern systems may be digital end-to-end, Jerry emphasizes that the predominant causes of failure and design difficulties are often analog in nature. Academic study often teaches ideal signals but neglects real-world issues like inductance, noise, and cross-coupling. Consulting Experience & Troubleshooting: Jerry discusses being called in to fix systems that failed strenuous regulatory testing for medical devices, where reliability is first and foremost (similar to an aerospace way of thinking). Failures often stemmed from basic issues like a lack of ESD protection, absence of error correction in data streams, insufficient detection of errors, and common mode noise rejection problems. High-Speed Data and Signal Integrity: At high data rates, communication becomes a “communications channel problem,” not truly a digital one. When bits are underneath a tenth of a nanosecond, the communication turns into multiple standing wave transitions. The two primary limits on performance are rise and fall times and distance traveled. Real-World Applications: Jerry has worked extensively on medical devices, including early-generation Dexcom glucose monitoring systems (two on-body monitors and a hospital insulin pump/monitor), and a wearable EEG monitor. He also worked on a system that required packing five video cameras into an endoscope distal head, measuring 11 mm in diameter and 13 mm long. Architecting Systems and Identifying Bottlenecks: When starting a new project, Jerry suggests defining needs and interfaces and looking at the system as a black box. Engineering time sho

Welcome back Tim Ansell! Tim’s past appearances and previous work Discussing Tomu on 375 Discussing Fomu on 456.3 Discussing the open source PDK on 501 Tim’s previous work at Google involved releasing a manufacturable open-source PDK (Process Development Kit), which contains the fundamental information needed to create integrated circuits. Key open-source tools discussed include OpenROAD (a backend compiler for IC design) and Open Lane (an end-to-end suite turning chip descriptions (RTL) into manufacturing data (GDS)). Andreas had been on the show talking about his work on OpenROAD. Not discussed on the show but after Efabless went away, Open Lane has been replaced with LibreLane. Efabless, a VC-backed startup, shut down in early 2025 due to investor disagreements. Efabless previously provided pooled manufacturing access (similar to OSH Park for PCBs) using the SKY130 process from Skywater in Minnesota. A Skywater run costs $200k–$300k, which Efabless divided by 40 to reach roughly a $10k price point per slot. Tiny Tapeout Matt Venn’s Tiny Tapeout program further subdivides the manufacturing costs, making it the cheapest way to create custom silicon, typically costing around $300 per design. Tiny Tapeout lowers the barrier to entry, allowing people to “just try it and see if you like it,” similar to writing a “hello world” program. The program has already processed almost 3,000 projects, demonstrating high community demand when costs are low. Despite limitations, advanced projects are possible: a developer taped out a Linux capable SOC using open-source tools and the Tiny Tapeout space. <

Dave bought a lemon laptop Chris officially has solar that is installed, working, and is effectively an appliance at this point… Duke Energy and North Carolina nuclear mix The impact of batteries on the grid The Duck Curve is something Chris and Ari discussed on ep650 Open circuit voltage on panels Dave did a repair on a tennis ball machine Chris designed a board with test points too small Accupuncture jbc High cost vs low cost rework tweezers Nanofix YouTube Channel Tested Ugly multimeter review

Welcome back Todd Bailey of Starlight Engines, now Muon Space! (11 years later) Todd was on Episode 194 of The Amp Hour, when he was consulting in the art and design space and building instruments like Where the Party At (WTPA). He was designing ‘robot doors’ for Calvin Klein’s house, discussed last time. Through Andy Reitano, Todd learned about a role at Lockheed Martin (a US defence company) working on sonar for submarines. “What a good job is” Fun Lucrative Skills / teach you Todd, Andy, and other Lockheed Martin friends worked on the VEC9 discussed in ep194 Clearance was required to work on sonar Military electronics had some differences from his past work, but Todd was interestingly complementary of requirements driven design / waterfall Chris and Todd were hanging out in a bar before he moved over to working on space and Todd mentioned he wanted to be Zefram Cochrane and do interesting things that matter (in space). Star Trek First Contact (gah, I said generations) Past guest Shawn Meehan talked to Todd and that’s how he started working at the “stealth space startup” at the time Astra HBO (not Netflix) special called Wild Wild Space Other past guests of the show who were at Astra include Charles Aylward and Jeri Ellsworth Silicon Valley Startup “When the heavens went

Dave is starting a new project for a lab timer called the uTimer Timelapse Geerling videos about clocks Mitxela clock Transflective displays Dave is looking at LCDs like this one Dropping Rs vs Ls Font chip .5mm pin pitch on the connectors Chris is making a new breakout board that is effectively a sensors shield for a Bluetooth chip. It’s the first time he’s using the service and it was a pleasant completely hands-off experience. Mike Harrison USB C barrel jack JLC DFM plugin for KiCad Python script to pull EasyEDA parts into KiCad Chris is designing around this $3 board with an nRF52840A de minimus tariff exemptions are gone in the us North Korea is putting forward software engineering candidates that are actually teams of workers Mini PC production at BeeLink Stephen Hawes on The Amp Hour Stephen documented the process of getting the Opulo v4 through certification Chris has solar install issues

Welcome Back, Andrew Seddon! Founder and CEO of CircuitHub. Andrew was first on episode 131 of The Amp Hour CircuitHub has a partnership with Worthington Assembly Worthington and CircuitHub host the Pick Place Podcast Mimicing silicon manufacturing Common parts library Setting the factory up to have only 50k SKUs in house for speed of loading / attrition Driving people to 2000 parts was the original intent, but didn’t hit the mark Level of production needs to be high Many parts need to work in conjunction Reflow PnP Throughhole Selective soldering Inspection Need to solve for the whole setup. Making smt 10x better doesn’t make overall 10x better Starlink manufcaturing localy PCB fabs in the US, 50 left, getting rolled up under Private Equity (as are things like machine shops) AI with VCs How it impacts the electronics industries KiCad More AI stuff Automation on checking Still humans involved PDKs for chip companies File checking / JLC Types of customers 10 largest companies on the planets It’s individuals who order and try it out, that often becomes a repeat business thing Customers / types of boards / size of orders More startups w

Welcome Matt Brown of Brown Fine Security! Matt has been reverse engineering a “smart” smoker controller that talks back to AWS IOT Jeff Geerling talking about his dishwasher Storing private keys on the device?? Threat models Key rotation What is the best case scenario for an IoT device? Secure boot / trust zone Keys encrypt flash storage Chris has designed in the ATECC608 before Replacing Certificate Authority (CA) cert in grill firmware Matt has a Linux hardware / reverse engineering background Flash is always external Ghidra / idapro / binwalk Security cameras are 99% linux based (battery based cameras might be embedded) Best practices Encrypted firmware hidden uart / jtag Keys Are linux devices “worth more” to a security researcher? CVSS risk scoring system Attack vector Vulnerabilities are better if it can be a remote executed Linux devices have more compute Bluetoothe LE Ability to enumerate Scale reverse engineering Chris has discussed the silliness of a bluetooth toothbrush on the show before Tools / Software of the trade xgeku firmware reader picoemp PCBite</a

Welcome Tim from Mitxela! Introduced by Mike Harrison, past guest of the show Fluid pendant Volumetric display London hackspace https://matthias-research.github.io/pages/tenMinutePhysics/index.html FLIP in Blender CHNT36ta Pick and place doing 0201 Precision Clock Sewing machine (check out that GIF!) Secret life of machines – Tim Hunkin Isaac Singer Tim has many Lathe projects on the hardware projects page Flag Steam Engine Learn how to machine from MrPete222’s YouTube channel Schlock Mercenary (Comic) Sprite tm on The Amp Hour Gameboy advance link cable Writing a gameboy emulator  Emulators got him into electronics No$ (“nocash”) emulator

Dave found a wrist mounted DMM that looks…inadvisable We’ll discuss the survey results next time! Florin Cocos of VoltLog Great Scott Sam Aldaher on the show last week Gerald Undone did a studio tour with Captain Disillusionment Short videos Dave using a go-pro on a bike Separate gyro file to stabilize D-y hybrid inverter Chart Remote shell Cline Chris is finally getting solar open energy monitor Emporia vue Sense We talked with Joe Bamberg when he worked there Driving back from canberra Ben Krasnow makin’ magnets! Bluetooth videos

Welcome Sam Aldhaher, power engineer and 3D graphic artist! Sam has always been interested in art…and power engineering He primarily works in Blender and has been for 5-6 years Inputs and outputs Starting from Altium / KiCad for eCAD Blender doesn’t accept step files, it works with meshes like STL KiCad -> Blender is a good flow, as there are add-ons to import KiCad Making a good visulalization is all about lighting, materials Building library of models Modeling magnetic fields Research in wireless power openEMS vtk format The marjority of tooling is glued together with python ElectroMag Nodes – Sam‘s tool – $1 Right hand rule Developing intuition Elmer finite element solver Past guest Katerina Galitskaya also visualized RF and talked about the differences of testingi n a chamber vs building a visualization FastHenry is inductance tool that was created in 80s at MIT for wirebonds. Didn’t have a visualization front end, like SPICE 3D whiteboard Using Blender to prototype and then taking it to other tools (CST, Ansys) Validating on the bench with an impedance analyzer Simulating power loss is difficult Quality factor “CAD is too perfect” Adding surface imperfections Node system is similar to simulink, adding blocks (Chris also thought this sounded like the effects in Davinci Resolve) Lighting Making the background dark means you don’t nee

We are doing a 2025 listener survey! Answer the survey and put in your email to win one of three Jumperless OG units donated by Kevin Cappuccio (past guest of the show). Last day to input is June 1st. This episode was recorded Monday the 12th, which has implications on discussions. Dave recently returned from Melbourne for Dave’s recent visit to Electronex. Dave saw past guest Scott Williams there (he has been interviewed by both Dave and Chris). Scott’s company Xentronics is also a Golioth partner They discussed service providers in the electronics industry at including turnkey solutions (concept to production and marketing) versus services only (firmware, PCB layout, CAD). The choice of show for a service provider might depend on the customer vertical (e.g., medical expo for medical device design). Farmers are described as rough clients due to being cost-constrained, needing durable solutions for harsh environments, and being unforgiving of downtime. The Australian Manufacturing Week was unexpectedly enormous, dwarfing the electronics show in scale and attendance, with lines up to 40 minutes long just to get in. The manufacturing show featured “Heavy Metal” manufacturing, like laser cutters, sheet metal benders, and giant machines cutting thick steel, which Dave found more exciting than the electronics demos. They discussed the scale of manufacturing equipment, comparing it to shows like IMTS in Chicago with multi-story machining centers and machines weighing hundreds of tons. Australia manufactures things like steel, large steel structures (bridges), and large custom parts like excavator scoops. Dave is conducting environmental air quality tests in his office, measuring formaldehyde, CO2, and o

Welcome back Dr Colin O’Flynn of Dalhousie University and New AE tech! Colin has been on the show twice before Episode 239 in 2015 Episode 552 in 2021 Colin continues to publish/do research around side channel attacks Now he’s targeting different ports / Jitter measurements JTAGulator RF Mixer Side channel with power Can you fix it on a chip? Targeting an SD Card port because there’s a clock Other clocked things like displays / RF State of hardware security RPi episode (RP2350) OpenTitan  Root of Trust Episode with Laura Abbott from Oxide Open vs closed about security Guidelines for what to care about like in the ARM PSA UK gov’t Lowrisc Sonata System CHERI / CHERIot Secure / non-secure Artix 7 FPGA Mouser bonded area Pick and place experiments Charm Hig

We are doing a 2025 listener survey! Answer the survey and put in your email to win one of three Jumperless OG units donated by Kevin Cappuccio (past guest of the show) Note: this was corrected from the original, these are not v5 units, they are the original Jumperless units. Apologies for the confusion ~CG Chris signed on to get solar installed He’ll be taking advantage of Duke Energy’s PowerPair, a program to get a bulk amount for the battery and ongoing payments to act as a virtual power plant. Telsa Powerwall 3 Teardown Australian politicians are proposing money for batteries for everyone in Australia Peter Walkinson batteries CATL batteries Back powering off a Chevy Bolt AC battery power Peaker plant Check out the rates for peak power in New South Wales (high!) Base load Chris is working on a new series for tiny hardware nRF52840 With careful planning, it’s possible to get a “0.4 mm pitch” (found out it’s actually 0.35 mm!) onto the JLC 6 layer process because they now allow via in pad. Jumperless v5 episode (though as a reminder, we’re giving away the OG versions, not the v5) Dave review of Jumperless (mailbag video) We are doing a 2025 listener survey and added some new questions Slow trigger  <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RuIBgQP

Welcome back (for a third time!) Michael Gielda of Antmicro Michael and Chris usually see each other around the Zephyr booth at Embedded World, but not this year Antmicro continues to work on Zephyr, which targets hardware using Devicetree Renode Mult-node testing code aethero Data center in space Cosmic shielding corporation Tying the simulation to reality How do you know an actuation has happened RESD – Renode sensor data format Drone data example Finding and testing the variety of use cases Borderline criteria Fuzzing Kenning AutoML Anomaly detection on an MCU with Kenning Co-op example Adding System designer <a title="https://designer.antmicro.com/hardware/devices/stmicroelectronics-stm32g474cet6" hre

Meetup.com doubled their prices so the 3H Triangle group moved to Luma (same is true for SF, Seattle) Note taking apps after Evernote was gutted: Joplin, Obsidian Battery leakage in a DMM Causes of leak The PCB of a Tonie box with an SD card glued in place. Board has an ESP32-S3. (Product page) Design decisions – Latched / unlatched EEVblog video Pulse stretcher 3rd mode ‘break on open’ Chris is working on a design inspired by the Apple AirTag Golioth just launched Bluetooth support (recorded prior to this announcement) It has an nRF52840 and NFC onboard, with a bunch of sensors. It won’t work with FindMy nroot tag Linus video about M4 Mini Jeff Geerling talking about storage MKBHD iPhone16e NTN Keyfinders  The Clapper SAW filters <a href="https:

Welcome Kevin Cappuccio, creator of the Jumperless Breadboard (v5 and before) Check out the Jumperless v5 on Crowd Supply OG Jumperless Video This update shows a bunch of images with the breadboard off 3M whitelabels their breadboards (because of the adhesive?) Breadboard spring clips Spring clips (in 3D) Elecrow 369 CH446Q, a clone of Zarlink MT88161 FPAA Resistance of the traces BSky <a title="https://private-user-images.githubusercontent.com/20519442/248527932-202a61f6-0eb1-44bd-9d80-3b208e9c4be2.png?jwt=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpc3MiOiJnaXRodWIuY29tIiwiYXVkIjoicmF3LmdpdGh1YnVzZXJjb250ZW50LmNvbSIsImtleSI6ImtleTUiLCJleHAiOjE3Mzk1NjAzMzEsIm5iZiI6MTczOTU2MDAzMSwicGF0aCI6Ii8yMDUxOTQ0Mi8yNDg1Mjc5MzItMjAyYTYxZjYtMGViMS00NGJkLTlkODAtM2IyMDhlOWM0YmUyLnBuZz9YLUFtei1BbGdvcml0aG09QVdTNC1ITUFDLVNIQTI1NiZYLUFtei1DcmVkZW50aWFsPUFLSUFWQ09EWUxTQTUzUFFLNFpBJTJGMjAyNTAyMTQlMkZ1cy1lYXN0LTElMkZzMyUyRmF3czRfcmVxdWVzdCZYLUFtei1EYXRlPTIwMjUwMjE0VDE5MDcxMVomWC1BbXotRXhwaXJlcz0zMDAmWC1BbXotU2lnbmF0dXJlPTE3MDAwYzk1ZDY0NDI1ZDI2ZWExNDAzOWZhNWE0ODE2M2VlYzQ3OTNmNzE0MGJiMjQ1MjBiMzBiNjBlNjAyMmImWC1BbXotU2lnbmVkSGVhZGVycz1ob3N0In0.K5H9phCxL455h85xFlqD33lYuF63MVQ9FiB7EhIvz3U" href="https://private-user-images.githubusercontent.com/20519442/248527932-202a61f6-0eb1-44bd-9d80-3b208e9c4be2.png?jwt=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpc3MiOiJnaXRodWIuY29tIiwiYXVkIjoicmF3LmdpdGh1YnVzZXJjb250ZW50LmNvbSIsImtleSI6ImtleTUiLCJ

Tracking test equipment on one long homepage…the emporer of test equipment If you track it, it’s not hoarding…it’s curation Very specific piece of junk wood Garage Solar Amber allows you to sell power back in Australia at some wild rates Dave is trying out case design in OpenSCAD…it looks…ok Pebble is returning to the world after Google open sourced the OS (kudos) Andrew Witte, former CTO of Pebble, was a guest on the show Tandy200 Annie Lennox on the train with her Tandy (see cover image) Capacitive forming / reforming Electric Dreams Multimeter repair Tandy teardown

Welcome James Adams, Chris Boross, Liam Fraser, and Luke Wren! The last time the RPi team was on the show was about the RP1 (#648) The order of parts being released was RP2040->RP1->RP2350 Check out the datasheet for the RP2350 Learning from silicon Security and power states The part is a “Dual dual core” The Arm side is a Dual M33 The RISC V side is a Hazard 3 processor, designed by Luke based on a previous processor called the Hazard 5 HB5 There is a mux on the core and you select which side you’re going to use at boot There are 48 GPIO (but users always want more) Chris Boross (first time on the show) is on the commercial team. He’s seing interesting applications for the RP2350 including devices that are using it for motor control. They also have seen the part used in satellites because mRAM or masked ROM is less susceptible to radiation errors The PIOs have changed, but are more evolutionary from the RP2040 The PIO allows you to create state machines that process inputs without processor interventions, basically like tiny cores 2 cores – 8 total Interesting PIO applications Luke still likes that DVI on 2040 that was discussed on the first episode they were on (#529)

Welcome, Stephen Hawes! Chris interviewed Stephen back in 2020 for his second episode of The Contextual Electronics Podcast. It was when Stephen was still working at Formlabs and the Lumen/Opulo were a glimmer in his eye. The Lumen v4 is a Benchtop Pick and Place machine that works with OpenPNP Where are we in relation to reprap? Powered feeders Videos about eeprom KiCad pos file Can reliably place 0402 Lumen v4 product page Motherboard of v4 Running Marlin FW Head has two heads/nozzles Compare the Lumen to other methods (hand placed, paying for assembly) OHM (Open Hardware Manufacturing) podcast What industries are open? Thea Flowers (of Winterbloom synth fame) just joined the team Microscope Other tools Space constraints Stephen does a great job talking through many experiments and upcoming features on his youtube channel Prototyping PCBs with a fiber laser  Micronix Making PCBs on a 3D printer (hack session with Stephen’s former employer) Timon (Skerutsch) makes double sided PCBs by inserting enameled wire through drilled holes Is this the year you should get a Pick and Place? Stephen won’t say yes (but I will)

Home assistant Homelab subreddit Solar assistant proxmox CarPlay / android auto NUCs Video Interview with Lee (since posted as #684 of TAH) 25K pound amplifier repair and associated EEVblog forum post Louis Rossman also talking about the copyright claim How the Fairlight CMI changed Music Read more here Synths / woodworking are hobbies that will eat all free cash flow (and Chris is considering the latter…) Pat Gelsinger has stepped down / retired / been forced out at Intel Intel will now have co-CEOs. As past guest Luke Wren wrote on Mastodon, “Based on historical trends I predict the number of Intel co-CEOs will double every two years“ Startup in Ohio will apparently be making Quectel parts for the US market. We expect to see lots of silliness like this in the next few years because of forthcoming tariffs…

A full 3 hour discussion with the legendary Lee Felsenstein, designer of the Osborne 1, SOL computer, VDM-1, Pennywhistle modem, and the inventor of social media. Covering everything from the Berkeley free speech movement, the counterculture movement, his career, through to Obsorne and how he invented social media with Community Memory. His book: https://www.amazon.com/Me-My-Big-Idea… https://felsensigns.com/ 00:00 – Full 3 hour talk with Lee Felsenstein 08:24 – University of California at Berkeley, and the Free Speech Movement. 29:04 – First Junior Engineer job at Ampex <a class="yt-core-attributed-string__link yt-core-attributed-string__link--call-to-action-color" tabindex="0" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RzlClNhheC8&t=2180s" targ

AI tools for helping with coding (but NOT layout, amirite) Troubleshooting as a skillset Stick meme Dave got an updated electrical box Home assistant Keith Burzinski episode (ESPhome) Toothbrush show Andreas Spiess discussing Bluetooth proxy Ian Scott Johnson DIY home automation Electrarc240 reviews every element of a linear power supply India power cables Buried cables Spotify is bricking the Car Thing but others are trying to save it “injurnear” Chris recently developed and coded up a cellular connected relay board for a Smart Locker application

Chris has been troubleshooting a PCB with a dead short on inner layers (put in by board house by mistake) Don’t Touch My Gerbers shirt “Is there an AI tool that will fix this for me?” … No Chris dumped a bunch of current in the board and looked at it with this thermal camera 6.5 digit DMM to track down shorts Etching problems in the old days 100% etest Adding rails to PCBs for production Reddit discussion thread: why not work on a product? That is, Dave, the wise one. Videos Live stream issues Post from Twitter: Is 2 layers all you really need? This person thinks so, or is trying to convince themselves as much. Armchair quarterbacking Ian Johnston replacing the display on an 8.5 digit DMM Jack Ganssle has posted his final newsletter (The Embedded Muse)…happy retirement! Jack has been on the show twice: Episode 54 (!) Episode 489 Ward Christensen, Inventor of BBS and XModem, (and former listener of the show!) has passed away Dave is interviewing Lee Felstenstein for our next episode

Welcome Lukas Henkel of OV Tech GmbH, a product design firm based in Nuremburg Germany! Miniturization and the limits of miniturization Price is a constraint Using standard PCB tech (off the shelf) Open source SIP Steps Conventional pcbs / components Silicon inductors embedded in boards Bonded Bare dies / stacked Need volume to make it work Requirements to fit into ______ iMX8 ULP – 0.4mm CSP SIP Footprint Module abstraction layer talk Framework laptop Software support / BSP SIP will be different than PiMX8 Crowdsupply campaign launching 2-3 weeks and delivery in Dec/Jan OpenSource laptop CM4 vs PiMX8 SPI Flash with backup partition

Starship 5 landed on chopsticks! (you know, in case you have been offline for 2 weeks) Dave’s EV had a stuck cable Portable charger is surprisingly good CCS Charging standard Fast charge 36/50 kW MKBHD Chevy Silverado review JLC is now offering silkscreen QR codes to have individually marked boards That’s the board that Chris has been designing on a livestream each week 1 wire UID (pioneered by Dallas, then Maxim, now Analog…le sigh) Dave is selling a new Bryman multimeter, the BM2257 (teardown photos) Chris just returned from Embedded World North America, doing a demo at the Joulescope booth Chris also gave a talk at the Zephyr meetup which will be released in a few weeks Hackaday article about their comment section and project/article feedback References <a href="https://www.sbs.com.au/foo

Dan Esparon from Inovor Technologies in South Australia joins Dave to discuss all about the engineering of designing and launching satellites! Dan works for Inovor Technologies, an Australian company that designs and builds satellites entirely in-house! Recently they designed and launched the aussie Kanyini satellite on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket https://www.inovor.com.au/missions/ They design and build their own Flight computers, ADCS systems, UHF radios, Battery modules and Solar Arrays in Australia.

Welcome Katerina Galitskaya! Chris started following Katerina’s antenna posts on LinkedIn Monopole vs dipole Lower frequences are harder bc longer wavelength PCB size half of frequency Place antenta on the shorter side How to ruin your PCB When to go to a antenna engineer? Where will the device be? Antenna environment Start from vacuum, start adding elements Dummies in the lab. The one in the episode photo is a dummy head filled with liquid (?!) SAR – Specific Absorption rate Simulation vs lab work (dimensions) Anechoic chamber When to go with custom antenna? Buying off the shelf antenna? New Airpods with fancy 3D antenna Ben’s video about laser sintered antennas MIMO / Beamforming the failed promises of 5G When to simulate Some open source programs out there (“EMSee”?) Simulating vs visualizing Most of the time it’s not about vizualizing fields What is the iteration elements of the antenna? Satellite antenna design Good to go external Thinking about the dielectric const of case <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/kater

Spam calls Keysight released the HD3, a 14 bit ADC oscilloscope (teardown video) Chris will be at Embedded World North America, please let him know if you’ll be there! Chris will be at the Joulescope stand along with former guest Matt Liberty This is one of the only tradeshows for general electronics in the US, Embedded Systems Conference went away many years ago. Chris, Dave, and Jeff (yesssah!) recorded at ESC in episode 41! Bootstrapping new conferences Cellular power modes Dave old GSM video PSM / eDRX ALT1350 Dave got a smart meter on his home setup EDMI  EEVblog forum post about leaky power bill Maybe a trickle Chris has been trying out Meshtastic, which is based on LoRa. Check out Jeff Geerling’s video for a good overview. meshtastic subreddit People posting about airplanes flying overhead (example post) like ham radio contacts Meshmap

Chris has been moving house, which partially explains the terrible audio problems the past few episodes… For a lab, Chris believes in Lots of wire shelving (with epoxy coating) Everything on wheels (including shelving and workbenches) As much storage as you can get Chris has been doing livestreams of hardware design for Golioth. The module he is designing is called the Drachm (“dram”) The hardware Chris has been working on for the past 2 years is now open source Flox video with machine learning on a camera also featured Chris Altium finalized their acquisition by Renesas. The price already went up (discussed previously) Raspberry Pi released the RP2350 while we were away Inductor polarity on the RPi Pico 2 RP2350 Datasheet You can choose the processors you want (Dual m33, dual RISC V) Microchip was offline due to …. HACKERS Dave has been trying out a new home battery storage system NMC vs LFP Reverse cycle There have been lots of layoffs in tech, including 15K (!) at Intel Layoffs.fyi Be

Welcome Shawn Hymel! Shawn will be transitioning out Developer Relations at Edge Impulse. He will now be building courses full time. (this was recorded before Shawn announced his departure) He want’s to be like a Professor, which partially explains his signature bowtie Should people go into content? What about Developer Relations more specifically? New courses will include FreeCAD and 3D printing and will be published by Digikey Part design in FreeCAD 0.22 in Mango Jelly Learning modeling vs learning an actual program Scoffolding Making a Zephyr course Zephyr / Golioth training Ecosystem vs RTOS Workshop at Harvard Trying to train on hardware What should engineers know about ML Andrew Ng’s course on Coursera Updated for NumPy / Python Understand Neural Networks Can treat them as a black box More important to understand statistics and data science Hot dog / not hot dog (silicon valley) Model zoos Hugging Face Coprocessing on U55 – U85 ToorCamp Michael Cheich <a h