COVID in Long Term Care: Podcast with Jim Wright and David Grabowski

Imagine that you are the medical director of a large (>150 bed) nursing home. Two-thirds of the patients in the home now have COVID-19. Seventeen of your patients are dead. The other physicians who previously saw patients in the nursing home are no longer coming to your facility because you have COVID positive patients. You're short on gowns and facemasks. You're short on nurses and nurse aids so now you have to help deliver meals. This is what Dr. Jim Wright, the medical director at Canterbury Rehabilitation and Healthcare Center in suburban Richmond is living through right now. I felt overwhelmed just listening to Jim talk about his experience since mid-March, and am so grateful that he joined to talk about COVID in the long term care setting, along with David Grabowski, author of the JAMA piece titled "Postacute Care Preparedness for COVID-19 - Thinking Ahead." A couple key points that I learned from Jim's experience. The first point is that half of patients who tested positive were asymptomatic, so you really don't know who has it or who doesn't unless you test everyone. The only thing you really know is that if you have 5 symptomatic patients who test positive for COVID, assume there are at least 5 asymptomic patients. The second point is that there seems to be different clinical courses for those who are symptomatic that David summarized as the following: - Indolent course, deadly: Initial 24-28 hours of fever and severe respiratory symptoms. Then Stabilization for 3-5 days. Then decompensation on days 5-7 with death within 24 hours - Indolent course, convalescence 1. Fortunately, the majority of our patients. Same course as indolent to death although continued improvement over 7-10 days. - Acute respiratory failure: Symptoms begin with fever and acute respiratory failure with death within 6-12 hours. - Sepsis-like picture: Sudden onset of AMS, hypoxia and hypotension without fever. A small subset of patients in our experience. All have tested positive for COVID (may simply have been asymptomatic carriers who developed sepsis independently In the second half of the podcast David Grabowski walks us through the challenges facing nursing facilities and potential solutions to the looming crisis in long term care, including - creating COVID only specialized post acute care settings - increasing the level of home health care and hospital-at-home model - whether nursing homes that don't yet have COVID should be forced to take COVID+ patients form hospitals. So listen up and comment below. Also, check out some of our past COVID podcasts and new resources on our new COVID page at https://www.geripal.org/p/covid.html.